Progress of respiratory interventional therapy in pediatrics / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

With the development of pediatric bronchoscopy and the accumulation of clinical experience, its indications are expanding, and it plays an increasingly important role in pediatric respiratory diseases.In this paper, by introducing the new techniques applied in clinical practice in recent years, such as bronchoscopic balloon dilatation, bronchoscopic ablation, bronchoscopic stenting, transbronchial lung biopsy and transbronchial needle aspiration, the progress of new techniques of interventional therapy in pediatric respiratory is briefly introduced.

Risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infectious mononucleosis(IM).@*Methods@#The clinical data of children with EBV-IM from March 2015 to February 2018 in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into a pneumonia group and a non-pneumonia group.The difference between 2 groups was analyzed, including gender, age, duration of fever, the maximum temperature in disease duration, the size of liver, the size of spleen, tonsillopharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, edema of the eyelids, white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, atypical-lymphocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminas (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody, the titer of mycoplasma (MP) antibody, EBV DNA, length of stay, and hospitalization expenses.The single factor analysis was performed to analyze the above data between 2 groups, and the data with statistical significance were analyzed by the multifactor Logistic regression.The recei-ver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predicting ability of the indicators for IM combined with pneumonia.@*Results@#Among 923 cases, 133 cases(14.4%) EBV-IM patients were complicated with pneumonia.The findings of single factor analysis indicated that the risk factors were the duration of fever, the size of liver, the size of spleen, and the titer of MP antibody (all P<0.05). The multifactor Logistic regression showed that the duration of fever, the size of liver, the titer of MP antibody were the risk factors for EBV-IM children with pneumonia (P=0.013, 0.028, 0.014). The area under curve (AUC) of the duration of fever was 0.624, and the critical value was 7.5 d (P=0.000); the AUC of the size of liver was 0.590, and the critical value was 2.65 cm (P=0.003).@*Conclusions@#The incidence rate of EBV-IM children combined with pneumonia was high.With the presence of the titer of MP antibody ≥1∶160, the duration of fever≥7.5 days, and the size of liver>2.65 cm, it may be independent risk factors for pneumonia in IM children with EBV infection, which requires special attention clinically and earlier chest imageological examination are needed.

Risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infectious mononucleosis(IM).Methods The clinical data of children with EBV-IM from March 2015 to February 2018 in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into a pneumonia group and a non-pneumonia group.The difference between 2 groups was analyzed,including gender,age,duration of fever,the maximum temperature in disease duration,the size of liver,the size of spleen,tonsillopharyngitis,cervical lymphadenopathy,edema of the eyelids,white blood cell (WBC),lymphocyte,atypical-lymphocytes,C-reactive protein (CRP),procalcitonin (PCT),alanine transaminase (ALT),glutamic oxalacetic transaminas (AST),lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody,the titer of mycoplasma (MP) antibody,EBV DNA,length of stay,and hospitalization expenses.The single factor analysis was performed to analyze the above data between 2 groups,and the data with statistical significance were analyzed by the multifactor Logistic regression.The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predicting ability of the indicators for IM combined with pneumonia.Results Among 923 cases,133 cases(14.4％) EBV-IM patients were complicated with pneumonia.The findings of single factor analysis indicated that the risk factors were the duration of fever,the size of liver,the size of spleen,and the titer of MP antibody (all P ＜ 0.05).The multifactor Logistic regression showed that the duration of fever,the size of liver,the titer of MP antibody were the risk factors for EBV-IM children with pneumonia (P =0.013,0.028,0.014).The area under curve (AUC) of the duration of fever was 0.624,and the critical value was 7.5 d (P =0.000);the AUC of the size of liver was 0.590,and the critical value was 2.65 cm (P =0.003).Conclusions The incidence rate of EBV-IM children combined with pneumonia was high.With the presence of the titer of MP antibody ≥ 1:160,the duration of fever ≥7.5 days,and the size of liver ＞ 2.65 cm,it may be independent risk factors for pneumonia in IM children with EBV infection,which requires special attention clinically and earlier chest imageological examination are needed.

Hotspot, difficulty and progress in pediatric respiratory diseases / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

In recent years,with the continuous development of medical technology and progress,knowledge regaming respiratory disease become deepening,especially in lower respiratory tract infection bacterial resistance,application of macrocyclic ester antibiotics,severe and refractory mycoplasma pneumonia,refractory asthma,interstitial lung diseases,pediatric interventional bronchoscopy,and stem cell therapy which all have made great progress.In this review,the related hotspot,difficulty and research progress are summarized.

Comparison of umbilical single hole laparoscopic and traditional three holes laparoscopic surgery in ovarian cyst / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the clinical effect of the umbilical single hole laparoscopic and traditional three holes laparoscopic surgery in ovarian cyst. Methods 90 patients with ovarian cyst surgery were selected, and ran-domly divided into observation group and control group with 45 patients in each group. The control group was given traditional three holes laparoscopic surgery, and the observation group received single hole laparoscopic surgery. Clinical effect, postoperative complications, ovarian function, aesthetic satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The differences of operative time, blood loss, postoperative exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay between the two groups has no statistical difference ( > 0.05), the postoperative pain in 24 h, 72 h in the observa-tion group were significantly lower than that in control group, with significant difference ( 0.05). The contents of FSH and LH in the two groups were significantly improved, and the content of E2 was significantly decreased af-ter postoperative 30 days, compared with the preoperative, and the difference were statistically significant ( 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the content of LH, FSH and E2 between the two groups ( > 0.05). The total satis-faction of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( <0.05). Conclusion Single hole laparoscopic surgery is adapted to the treatment of patients with ovari-an cyst on the basis of the same effect. Not only reduced the pain, but also improved the patients' satisfaction degree of the incision. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Montelukast sodium combined with fluticasone propionate for children with cough variant asthma / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of montelukast sodium combined with fluticasone propionate in treatment of children with cough variant asthma.Methods Two hundred and forty children diagnosed as cough variant asthma in our hospital during February 2013 to January 2015 were randomized into three groups.Children in group Mon + Flu were given montelukast sodium combined with inhaled fluticasone propionate,children in group Flu was given inhaled corticosteroids alone and children in group Mon was given montelukast sodium alone.Cough,lung function and adverse reactions were observed after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment and the recurrences of cough symptoms were followed up within 24 weeks.Results After 8 weeks of treatment,the score of cough in group Mon + Flu (1.1 ± 0.7) was lower than those in groups Flu (1.7 ±0.8) and Mon (1.6 ±0.8) (t =4.973,4.353,P ＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between group Flu and group Mon(t =0.560,P ＞ 0.05).Meantime,the percentage of predicted in FEV1 in group Mon+ Flu (93.4 ± 15.8) was significantly higher than those in group Flu (87.4 ± 11.0) and group Mon (86.5 ± 9.8) (t =2.804,3.315,P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of predicted in PEF in group Mon + Flu(89.8 ± 15.4)was significantly higher than those in group Flu(84.9 ± 13.4)and group Mon(85.1 ± 12.3) (t =2.126,2.124,P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference between latter two groups (t =0.525,0.082,P ＞ 0.05).After 12 weeks of treatment,there was no significant difference in scores of cough and percentage of predicted in FEV1 and PEF among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions among three groups (x2 =1.026,P ＞ 0.05).The recurrence rate of group Mon + Flu (3.85％) and group Flu(5.26％) were significantly lower than that of group Mon (17.33％) (x2 =7.428,5.505,P ＜ 0.05),while there was no difference between groups Mon + Flu and Flu (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions For children with cough variant asthma montelukast sodium combined with fluticasone propionate has better efficacy than monotherapy in 8 weeks of treatment,but there was no difference in 12 weeks of treatment.The recurrence rate in group Mon + Flu and group Flu is lower than that in group Mon.

Analysis of etiological agents in children with asthma exacerbation in 2013 / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the distribution of etiological agents in children with asthma exacerbation in Chongqing during 2013 .Methods Four hundred and forty seven cases of hospitalized children with asthma exacerbation in 2013 in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed in SPSS19 .0 software .Results Among the 447 children with asthma exacerbation ,the percentage of bacteria was 43 .8% ,streptococcus pneumonia(SP)(25 .5% ) was the most common bacteria .Among the 25 cases with bacteria culture of bronchoalveolar lavage ,the positive rate was 44 .0% ,and the difference to sputum culture was not significant (P>0 .05) .The positive rate of 7 common respiratory viruses was 27 .3% ,RSV accounted for 18 .8% ,and it was the most common virus .The virus infection rate was higher in the groups below one years old ,and compared each groups′virus detection rates ,the difference was significant (P< 0 .05) .The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae was 23 .5% ,chlamydia pneumonia was not detected .Conclusion Asthma exacerbation in children is closely related to respiratory infec‐tion .Bacteria detection rate was high in all ages ,which suggests that bacterial infection is an important factor in asthma exacerbation that can′t be ignored .

Epidemiological survey on related risk factors of newborn infant with Down′s syndrome in Sanya city / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the incidence of live births with Down syndrome(DS) in Sanya city as well as to discuss the related risk factors .Methods The object of investigation was the 25 032 infants who were born in Sanya city ,then the children with clinical suspected of DS were confirmed by peripheral blood chromosome analysis .Meanwhile ,the clinical data of children and their parents were collected ,calculating the incidence of DS in this region and analyzing the related risk factors .Results In this region , the total incidence of DS was 0 .959‰ ,the incidences in the Han nationality and Li nationality were 0 .834‰ ,1 .442‰ respectively . The mean age of DS children′s mother was 29 .8 years old ,and the incidence of DS increased as their mother grew older .Before pregnancy ,DS children′s mother who had an exposure history of toxicant and drugs accounted for 45 .8% .Conclusion The inci‐dence of DS in Sanya is quite high ,so it is extremely essential to strengthen the women′s pregnancy Down syndrome screening and improve the prenatal diagnosis in this region .

Clinical value of pleural biopsy in the etiological diagnosis of children with pleurisy / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical value of pleural biopsy in the etiological diagnosis of pleurisy in children.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Totally 213 cases with pleurisy, who underwent pleural biopsy and hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2007 to April 2014 were enrolled into this study. Clinical symptoms, imaging manifestations, pleural fluid characteristics, the results of pleural biopsy and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the clinical value and security of pleural biopsy in making the etiological diagnosis of pleurisy.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>(1) Of the 213 cases, 144 were boys and 69 were girls, their mean age was (6. 5 ± 4. 1) years. (2) Two hundred and thirteen patients had a surgical pleural biopsy under general anesthesia, the cause of 97 cases (45. 5%) were made clear by histopathological examination, including 35 purulent pleurisy, 55 tuberculous pleurisy and 7 paragonimus infection. For the remaining 83 (41. 3%) cases a final diagnosis was made based on the full analysis of clinical data, including 63 cases of purulent pleurisy, 3 cases of tuberculous pleurisy and 17 cases of paragonimiasis pleurisy but for 33 patients no exact cause was found at the end. (3) The mean operating time of the biopsy was (1. 4 ± 0. 6) hours. Seventy one (33. 3%) patients required blood transfusion during or after the operation. Thirty one (14. 6%) cases used the ventilator after surgery, and the ventilator supporting time was (6. 6 ± 5. 8) hours on average. The wound healing reached grade A in 200 cases (93. 9%), grade B in 13 cases (14. 6%). Postoperative complications included pneumothorax in 92 cases (43. 2%), subcutaneous emphysema in 18 cases (8. 5%), bronchopleural fistula in 3 cases(1. 4%). The average days of hospitalization was (17. 7 ± 7. 1) d.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pleural biopsy is of great diagnostic value in the etiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pleurisy in children, and it is considered reasonable to be used in the clinical practice when appropriate.</p>

Clinical value of pleural biopsy in the diagnosis of children with tuberculous pleurisy / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of pleural biopsy in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy in children.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Fifty-one cases with tuberculous pleurisy, whose diagnosis was established according to the clinical diagnostic criteria of the child pulmonary tuberculosis formulated by the Chinese Medical Association (CMA) in 2006, after pleural biopsy hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan. 1, 2007 to Jan. 1, 2013 were enrolled into this study. Clinical symptoms, history traits, laboratory examination, imaging tests, pleural fluid characteristics and the results of pleural biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. Medical records of the cases who were diagnosed with tuberculous pleurisy by histological examination were reviewed to assess tuberculosis detection rate of pleural biopsy and to get the percentage of cases with a preoperative diagnosis inconsistent with the final diagnosis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were 35 boys and 16 girls, and the mean age was (9.7 ± 3.5) years. The common symptoms included fever (82%), cough (71%) , chest pain (23%), weakness (10%) and shortness of breath (10%); 27% (14/51) children had shown tuberculosis toxic symptoms; 76% (39/51) patients had BCG vaccination history; 12% (6/51) cases had a history of contact with tuberculosis patients. The positive rates of the tuberculin skin test, serum tuberculosis antibody detection, detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA by polymerase chain reaction, acid-fast bacillus test of sputum (or gastric juice) smear, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture of pleural effusion were respectively 61% (20/33), 6% (3/46), 0 (0/12), 4% (1/27), 22% (7/32). Pleural effusion was found by using imaging tests in 50 cases, among whom 28 cases (55%) with encapsulated effusion, and the multilocular cysts separated by fibrous tissue in 12 patients (23%) . Other features included pleural thickening (53%) , hilar and mediastinal lymph-nodes enlargement (14%) and white nodules of calcification (10%) . Thoracocentesis was performed in 31 cases, and pleural effusion obtained from which were exudative. The cell count, mainly mononuclear cells, increased in 28 patients (90%) . Among the 51 children investigated, 47 (92%) were histologically diagnosed to be tuberculous pleurisy. The typical pathologic changes of tuberculosis (caseous necrosis, granulomas, Langhans' giant cells and inflammatory cell infiltration) were observed in 40 cases, granulomatous inflammation without caseous necrosis were the main manifestations in 7 other patients. The pathological changes of the remaining 4 cases were not consistent with the pathological characteristics of tuberculosis. All 47 cases were given a preoperative diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy (32%), purulent pleurisy (51%) and pleural effusion of unknown origin (17%) respectively before pleural biopsy. Therefore, the tuberculosis detection rate of pleural biopsy was 92%, and the preoperative misdiagnosis rate was 68%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pleural biopsy was of great diagnostic value for children with tuberculous pleurisy.</p>

Effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway management on pediatric capillary bronchitis. Methods Infants with capillary bronchitis admitted to our hospital were selected. Several indices were compared between the infants with and without clinical pathway management including hospital stay, costs of hospitalization, satisfaction in parents of children, cure rate, readmission rate one week after discharge, hospital infection and variation in the process of clinical pathway manage-ment. Results A total of 204 eligible infants were divided into research group (n=96) and control group (n=108). There were no signiifcant differences in sex, age, respiratory rate, heart rate and temperature, and detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretion and sputum culture (P>0.05). Compared with the infants in control group, the total drug costs, the an-tibiotics costs and the average length of stay were signiifcantly decreased in infants with clinical pathway management (P0.05). In research group, 49 infants (51.04%) completed the clinical pathway management. Positive variance was found in 43 infants (44.79%) and negative variance in 4 infants (4.17%). Two infants (2.08%) dropped out. Conclusions For capillary bronchitis in infants, clinical pathway management has an effect on controlling and reducing the medical expenses, and meanwhile improving the medical quality and satisfaction of patients.

Clinical characteristic analysis of 99 adenovirus pneumonia cases in children / 重庆医学

Objective To analyse the clinic characteristics of adenovirus pneumonia in children and have a good understanding of the clinical features of adenovirus pneumonia in children .Methods The clinical data of 99 cases with adenovirus pneumonia during January 2011 to June 2013 were reviewed .Clinical manifestation ,auxiliary examination and treatment were analyzed .Results All 99 patients had fever ,heat process was long and were prone to complications ,including :35 cases of respiratory failure ,27 cases of pleu-ral effusion ,11 cases of atelectasis and 52 cases of myocardial damage .Adenovirus pneumonia was easily combined with other path-ogenic infections .Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common bacterial pathogens and respiratory viruses were the most com-mon virus .The radiographic features of chest of adenovirus pneumonia were in both lungs exudative ,and really variable .Adenovirus pneumonia in bronchoscopy showed bronchial inflammation .Treatment of adenovirus pneumonia was the comprehensive treatment . Conclusion The condition of adenovirus pneumonia is serious and the number of complications is large .Adenovirus pneumonia could easily cause secondary bacterial infection .There is no specific treatment for adenovirus pneumonia .Clinicians should pay more attention .

Diagnosis of children with occult bronchial foreign body / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical manifestation of children with occult bronchial foreign body, to analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis, to summarize the way of diagnosis and to emphasize the value of bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of children with such disease.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A retrospective analysis of 22 cases of occult bronchial foreign body diagnosed and treated with bronchoscopy in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during the period from March 1, 2009 to February 28, 2014.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Of the 22 cases, 15 were male and 7 female. Their age ranged from nine months and eight days to fourteen years and six months. The course of disease ranged in length from six days to one year. It took us one to thirty-three days in diagnosing the problem. They or their parents all denied aspirating foreign body and the patients did not have irritating chokes. They did not have tracheal displacement or flapping sound. There were no direct signs of bronchial foreign body in their imaging examination. Twenty-one patients were diagnosed as pneumonia before bronchoscopy, and the remaining one was diagnosed as tuberculosis. All of the patients were complicated with infection; atelectasis was found in 15 cases/times, lung consolidation in 10 cases/times, emphysema in 4, pleural effusion in 5, bronchiectasis in 4, one case had respiratory failure, one case had septicemia. The clinical symptoms were relieved in the patients after bronchoscopy, 3 cases were cured, 19 cases were improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Occult bronchial foreign body with certain complications and great harm is hard to diagnose. We should pay more attention to the important clues, such as a child with repeated pulmonary infection, indirect signs of airway obstruction and difficult to treat. Early bronchoscopy will be useful to improve diagnostics once the vital clue is found.</p>

Clinical features of 213 cases of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To summarize the clinical feature of severe adenovirus pneumonia (SAP) in children and further to improve prognosis and clinical diagnosis of SAP. Methods The clinical data of 213 children with SAP from June 2009 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 213 patients, 155 (72.8%) children were aged 6 months to 2 years, with a males to females ratio of 2.7∶1. The onset of 158 patients (74.2%) was in winter and spring. All patients had fever, 172 (80.8%) with high temperature of 39.1℃-41℃, 161 (75.6%) with a fever lasting more than 2 weeks. Two hundred and ifve (96.2%) patients had cough in the early stage, 120 (56.3%) with wheeze, 139 (65.3%) with moist rales and wheezing in the lung. Imaging ifndings in the preliminary stage of SAP showed that 63 patients (92.6%) had pulmonary interstitial changes;in critical stage, 80 patients (54.4%) had segmental consolidation and 33 (22.4%) with pleural effusion, 25 (17.0%) with pleuritis;in recovery phase, 50 patients (68.5%) showed absorption in segmental area of consolidation. All cases had complications, 175 (82.2%) with respiratory failure, including 10 (4.7%) with ARDS;among extrapulmonary complications, diseases of cardiovascular system (64.3%) and alimen-tary system (44.1%) were the most common ones, and the occurrence of myocarditis and diarrheal disease were the highest. Age, ARDS and more than two kinds of complications had adverse impact on the outcomes, and the difference was signiifcant (P<0.05). Conclusions SAP is a severe pneumonia with long duration of high fever, severe clinical manifestations with more complications. When SAP is suspected, it is recommended to complete etiological and chest radiographic examination for early diagnosis and treatment.

Exploration on‘generality and individuality’mode in clinical teaching of congenital heart disease / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study primarily explored and discussed‘generality and individuality’mode in clinical teaching of congenital heart disease(Congenital heart disease,CHD)from the aspects of teaching methods,comparison with traditional method,requirements for teachers and problems existed under present conditions.At last the paper summarized advantages and disadvantages of this model in clinical teaching of CHD and offered a new approach for clinical teaching of cardiology.

Biological effects of lipopolysaccharide, transforming growth factor-β1 on murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

AIM: To explore method of stimulating murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by lipopolysaccharide(LPS), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)and to study their biological character. METHODS: Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were cultivated with cytokine GM-CSF and IL-4 for 6 days, BMDC was stimulated by control, LPS, TGF-β1, LPS +TGF-β1 for 48 hours respectively. Morphological characters of BMDC were observed by a inversed microscope, surface molecules such as CD_(11C), CD_(80), CD_(86)and MHC Ⅱ were detected by flowcytometry, Interleukin-6 and interleukin-12 p70 in co-culture medium was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS: In LPS group it presented the most typical DC morphology with the highest expression of CD_(80), CD_(86) and MHC Ⅱ, the strongest ability in mixed lymphocyte reaction, higher level of IL-6 and IL-12 p70 compared with control, TGF-β1, LPS + TGF-β1 ( P < 0. 05). While in TGF-β1 group it presented the less typical DC morphology with the lower expression of CD_(80), CD_(86), MHC Ⅱ, weaker ability in mixed lymphocyte reaction, and lower levels of IL-6 and IL-12 p70 compared with control and LPS (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: LPS can stimulate maturation of BMDC in its late differentiation which makes it presents a more significant biological characteristics. TGF-β1 can inhibit maturation but not differentiation of BMDC thereby can prevent its biological characteristic presentation.

Effects of house dust mite injected in neonate rats on airway inflammation and TH subset in later life / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study whether early exposure to house dust mite will aggravate airway inflammation as well as the onset of asthma and to explore the relevant mechanism.Methods:Neonate Wistar rats were injected with HDM subcutaneously instantly after birth.After the four times management,they were established as models of asthma with OVA,and bronchoalveolus was lavaged to count percentage of eosinophils.And levels of IL-4,IFN-? and serum OVA-IgE were also detected.Results:In HDM group,the percentage of EOS,level of serum OVA-IgE and level of IL-4 were (37.07?1.10) %,(0.20?0.023) and (78.96?12.18) pg/ml,respectively,the highest among the three groups,otherwise level of IFN-?,the lowest,(93.78?2.10)pg/ml.Conclusion:Early exposure to house dust mite after birth could aggravate the level of airway inflammation in later life and increase the level of IgE,which is related with T H1/T H2 imbalance.

Establishment and identification of humanized SCID mouse model / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To establish and identify humanized-SCID mouse model(hu-SCID).Methods:SCID mouse was treated by CTX to inhibit the hemocytopoiesis. With successive 4-day injection, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) were engrafted into SCID mouse through intraperitoneal injection. After 4, 8 and 12 weeks of engraftment, peripheral blood, spleen and liver tissues of engrafted SCID mouse were harvested. Human CD3~+, CD19~+ cells in peripheral blood were analyzed by inflorescence microscopy and FCM, human CD3~+, CD19~+ cells in spleen and liver tissues were observed by immune histochemistry, and human IgG level in SCID mouse serum was measured by ELISA.Results:After engraftment of 4, 8 and 12 weeks, human CD3~+, CD19~+ cells in SCID peripheral blood were identified by inflorescence microscopy and the percents were 31% and 10% respectively by FCM analysis. And these cells could be evidenced after 12 weeks later. Through immune histochemistry human CD3~+、CD19~+ cells were detected in mouse spleen but not in liver tissue. Furthermore the titer of human IgG in mouse serum was 390,1 100 and 1 040 ?g/ml at each time point respectively.Conclusion:Our experimental results demonstrated that a bona fide humanized SCID model was established.